Laura

=Intro Activity to Fuel Economy= 1) The relationship I noticed was that the taxes was around half of what the fuel economy was in a given country. 2) The Netherlands- Railroad transportation France- Railroad transportation Germany- Buses, Trains, and Bicycles United Kingdom- Trains, cars, and buses Spain- Airplanes and Trains Canada- Cars and buses 3) From this, we can draw the conclusion that although the countries that use mass transportation are environmentally better, the countries that do use mass transportation have a higher taxes than other countries. = = = = =Spherocytosis (mutation information)= 3. Symptoms: Infants may have yellowing of the skin and eyes and pale coloring of the skin. Fatigue, Irritability, Shortness of breath, and or Weakness are other symptoms.  4. Prevalence: The prevalence of hereditary spherocytosis in people of other ethnic backgrounds is unknown, but it is much less common. 5. Cause: This disorder is caused by a defective gene. The defect results in an abnormal red blood cell membrane. The affected cells have a smaller surface area for their volume than normal red blood cells, and can break open easily. Having a family history of spherocytosis increases the risk for this disorder.
 * 1) Single Gene or Chromosomal Mutation: It is Single Gene Mutation
 * 2) Other Names: Congenital spherocytic hemolytic anemia & Spherocytic anemia

Citations: [] [] [] = = = = =Protein Synthesis Model= media type="custom" key="25203084"

=Protein Synthesis Review= 2. What are the steps of translation? mRNA comes into contact with ribosomesRibosomes consist of two parts; a large subunit and a small subunitRibosomes read the mRNA sequence and converts it into an Amino Acid sequence There are 20 difference amino acids and their order determines all the different proteins in the body  ii. mRNA sequences are read in sets of three nucleotides. Every three nucleotides codes for one amino acid, called codons. There is more than one codon for each amino acid. iii. The ribosomes begins translation at the start codon, which is composed of the nucleotide sequence “AUG”; the start codon is called “methionine”, represented as Met  iv. tRNA molecules transfer the amino acid to the ribosome to the ribosome  v. tRNA with a complementary anticodon temporarily binds onto the codon  vi. Ribosome reads the next codon and another tRNA with a complementary anticodon binds  vii. A peptide bond joins the two amino acids, as the ribosome continues down the mRNA strand the first tRNA falls off, leaving its amino acid viii. Ribosome continues on until reaching the stop codon, where the last tRNA falls off, leaving a chain of amino acids, which will then fold upon itself to give it its function 3. List three differences between DNA and RNA RNA is ribose while DNA is deoxyribose, DNA uses thymine while RNA uses uracil, and DNA is double stranded and RNA is single strande 4. List the three types of RNA. And state their function (what they do and where they do it) mRNA- messenger RNA, breaks off from the template strand and moves out of the nucleus into the cytoplasm, which begins translation. tRNA- transfer RNA, it transfers specific amino acids to growing polypeptide chain during the ribosomal site of protein synthesis during what you call translation. rRNA- ribosomal RNA, The function of the rRNA is to provide a mechanism for decoding mRNA into amino acids and to interact with the tRNAs during translation What enzyme is used to produce a new strand of RNA? RNA Polymerase 5. Which molecule contains the genetic code? DNA molecule
 * 1) What are the steps of transcription? RNA polymerase binds to the start of a gene on the double helix. 1)unwinds DNA into single-strands 2) one of the strands are used as a template 3) RNA polymerase attaches complementary nucleotides to the template 4) once the template is matched with its complementary RNA strand, the resulting molecule is called mRNA. 5) mRNA molecule breaks off from the template strand and moves out of the nucleus into the cytoplasm.
 * 1) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">tRNA contains an anticodon on one end and an amino acid on the other
 * 2) Anticodon is the sequence of three nucleotides that are complementary to the three nucleotide sequence (codon) on the mRNA strand (ex: anticodon of the start codon AUG would be UAC)

DNA Replication Model Project
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1) ** 2% Milk **

Iodine (Starches)-Negative

Biuret (Proteins)-Negative

Benedict Test (Simple Sugars)-Positive

Sudan IV (Fats and Oils)-Positive

2) Based upon research, the simple sugar test should have been positive, but because of the little amount that is actually in the milk, it was not. Other than that, all of my data corresponds with the research.

3) ** Processed Oatmeal: **

Iodine (Starches)-Positive

Biuret (Proteins)-Negative

Benedict Test (Simple Sugars)-Negative

Sudan IV (Fats and Oils)-Positive


 * 2% Milk **

Iodine (Starches)-Negative

Biuret (Proteins)-Negative

Benedict Test (Simple Sugars)-Positive

Sudan IV (Fats and Oils)-Positive

Egg Yolk


 * Testing for simple sugars **: negative (foggy blue)


 * Testing for protein **: positive (dark purple/black)


 * Testing for starches **: negative (change color)


 * Testing for fats and oils **: positive

All of these foods contain the biomolecule fats and or oils. Fats and oils help protect the organs of the body, they helps keep you warm, and they helps move nutrients around.

Sources:

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** You are what you eat **
You have heard the saying: you are what you eat. What does this mean to you? Explain in a paragraph. Then, write questions that you have always wanted to ask about the foods you eat, things you hear on TV, in the news, from your parents, at practice, etc.

To me, the saying you are what you eat means that if you eat so much of one particular food a high percentage of you is that food. For example, if you eat a lot of twizzlers at one time, a high percentage of you is twizzler, therefore you are a twizzler.

Questions: What does panacea mean? Panacea means: a solution or remedy for all difficulties or diseases.

Since there are virtually no nutrients in animal-based foods that are not better provided by plants, does that make it completely healthier to be a vegetarian? I have found that it is sometimes healthier to be a vegetarian, mainly because you are not getting the cholesterol and other risks you get from eating meat. The "unhealthy" vegetarians are those who replace meat and proteins with junk food. Therefore, it is not always healthier to be a vegetarian, unless you are making the right food choices as a vegetarian.

http://www.calorieking.com/learnabouts/Are-Vegetarians-Healthier-Than-Non-Vegetarians_OTM3.html

1. When exposed to an intense artificial light, the pink pigment emits a poisonous toxin that completely disintegrates the creature. 2. Some blepharisma feed off of dog fur so it’s like a micro-scopic flea. 3. The Blepharisma are also cannibals, they eat each other. Sources: []
 * Protists Lab**

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 * Requirements for individual pages: Cell size lab**


 * Analysis:**

1. Compare and contrast the three cubes after they were sliced in half.
 * All of the cubes were .5 centimeters in diffusion. The difference was that the small cube was completely purple because of its size. The purple went through the whole cell because of its surface area.**

2. Which "cell" seemed to be most and least efficient at getting outside substances into the cell? Explain.
 * All of the cells were the same in efficiency, although the small cell seemed to be the most efficient, because of the low surface area. The purple went the whole way through, unlike the other cubes because of it.**

3. Which of your calculations seems to explain what you observed in your cell models? Why do you think so?
 * The calculation that explains what we observed in our cell models is the <range type="comment" id="464886426_1">distance of diffusion</range id="464886426_1">. This is because we looked to see how far the purple was able to go into the mama, dad, and baby cells.**

4. Speculate on a relationship between cell size and efficiency. Your statement should resemble a hypothesis. (Remember: Use an If....., then..... statement.)


 * <range type="comment" id="464886426_2">If a cell is smaller, then it will have the appearance of being more efficient, but really the size does not have to do with efficiency.</range id="464886426_2">**

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